Agricultural heritage indicates the values and traditional practices and methods adopted in ancient India; moreover, it is relevant to present day agriculture for sustainable agriculture. Agricultural heritage increase awareness and implant a sense of pride amongst the people of the rich unique heritage of Indian agriculture, to know as our agriculture has sustainable practices for generations and to stimulate scientific research based on traditional technology. This book is intended as a text book for under graduate students in agriculture. It will be a valuable reference to professional faculty members, agricultural scientists, and students. The book is consisting of twelve chapters, providing in depth description of key contents, issues and topics. The first chapter introduces the Agricultural Heritage, the second chapter focuses on ancient agricultural practices, third chapter explains Past and present status of agriculture and farmers in society, fourth elaborates history of agricultural development, fifth describes indigenous technology knowledge in agriculture and allied agricultural sector, sixth is devoted to crop voyage. agriculture scope, importance of agriculture and agricultural resources available in India have been explained in seventh chapter, eighth is devoted to crop significance and classifications, ninth chapter highlights the national agriculture setup in India, tenth describes the current scenario of Indian agriculture, chapter eleventh depicted to Indian agricultural concerns and future prospects. Chapter twelve describes on Indian Council of Agriculture Research institutes and chapter thirteen focuses on different types of model questions. The books has got true reflections of 5th Dean s Committee recommendations in giving the syllabuses for the students in under graduate level to the State Agricultural Universities in the country and legacy of referral works in continuation and to follow up present day modern agriculture. The book would come to help with much contribution to the students, researchers, planners and policy makers throughout the country and abroad.