This Second Edition is based on the feedbacks of the participants of over 350 BLS courses that the Team has conducted till date, all the discussion ob BLS to another of MAMC-ITC and our well wishers. This edition of the book is an attempt to take the discussion on BLS to another level of simplicity. We have done this by incorporating three simple changes in the presentation: The main 'story' of the BLS is now presented - as a continuity - for a out of hospital situation of an adult collapsed, non-trauma victim who is being managed by a lone rescuer having a pocket mask; initially without and later with an automated external defibrillator (AED). All the other situations like the use of bag mask device, resorting to mouth to mouth breathing and two-rescuer BLS with and without AED have been included under 'Special Situations section, including the use of CPR monitoring device. The Definitions and Algorithms have been removed from the beginning ofthe book and have been put at the end so that the reader gets to the 'story' right away ather than getting entangled into definitions. The text described in the following pages is based on the latest international guidelines proposed by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR). However, it also has elements derived from experience and logic, with the sole aim of making it simpler. To get the best out of this book, the reader must understand that all the skills performed during BLS have been broken down into many smaller and easily executed steps and then joined together to form a continuum. This process of learning the parts before seeing them as a whole construction has shown us consistently good results in terms of outcome efficacy. Please notice that the rescuer, being the protagonist of the excercise of saving life of the victiom in the book, tries to verbalize the toughts that cross his mind, the ideas that he gets, and the actions that he either performs or proposes to perform. We hope that this style of presentation will prompt the reader to put herself/himself in the position of our protagonist and thus get the feel of 'being there'!