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Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (26 April 121 ? 17 March 180) was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 and a Stoic philosopher. He was the last of the rulers known as the Five Good Emperors (a term coined some 13 centuries later by Niccol? Machiavelli), and the last emperor of the Pax Romana, an age of relative peace and stability for the Roman Empire lasting from 27 BC to 180 AD. He served as Roman consul in 140, 145, and 161. Marcus Aurelius was born during the reign of Hadrian to the emperor's nephew, the praetor Marcus Annius Verus, and the heiress Domitia Calvilla. His father died when he was three, and his mother and grandfather raised him. After Hadrian's adoptive son, Aelius Caesar, died in 138, the emperor adopted Marcus's uncle Antoninus Pius as his new heir. In turn, Antoninus adopted Marcus and Lucius, the son of Aelius. Hadrian died that year, and Antoninus became emperor. Now heir to the throne, Marcus studied Greek and Latin under tutors such as Herodes Atticus and Marcus Cornelius Fronto. He married Antoninus's daughter Faustina in 145. After Antoninus died in 161, Marcus Aurelius acceded to the throne alongside his adoptive brother, who reigned under the name Lucius Verus. Under his rule the Roman Empire witnessed heavy military conflict. In the East, the Romans fought successfully with a revitalized Parthian Empire and the rebel Kingdom of Armenia. Marcus defeated the Marcomanni, Quadi, and Sarmatian Iazyges in the Marcomannic Wars; however, these and other Germanic peoples began to represent a troubling reality for the Empire. He modified the silver purity of the Roman currency, the denarius. The persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire appears to have increased during his reign, but his involvement in this is unlikely, as early Christians living in the 2nd century never claimed him as a persecutor and Tertullian even called Marcus a "protector of Christians". The Antonine Plague broke out in 165 or 166 and devastated the population of the Roman Empire, causing the deaths of five to ten million people. Lucius Verus may have died from the plague in 169. Unlike some of his predecessors, Marcus chose not to adopt an heir. His children included Lucilla, who married Lucius, and Commodus, whose succession after Marcus has been a subject of debate among both contemporary and modern historians. The Column and Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius still stand in Rome, where they were erected in celebration of his military victories. Meditations, the writings of "the philosopher" ? as contemporary biographers called Marcus ? are a significant source of the modern understanding of ancient Stoic philosophy. They have been praised by fellow writers, philosophers, monarchs, and politicians centuries after his death.
Books Published: 23 Books
Published Books
Meditations (Bengali)
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 199
Rs. 139
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Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 499
Rs. 349
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Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 199
Rs. 139
30% OFF
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 320
Rs. 224
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Meditations (Hindi)
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 199
Rs. 139
30% OFF
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 199
Rs. 139
30% OFF
Meditations (Hindi)
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 199
Rs. 139
30% OFF
Meditation (Cuppa Classics)
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 195
Rs. 137
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Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 225
Rs. 158
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Greatest Philosophy Books Ever Written
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 350
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Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 129
Rs. 90
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Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 499
Rs. 349
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Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 299
Rs. 209
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Meditations (Signature Classics)
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 1,199
Rs. 839
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Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 195
Rs. 137
30% OFF
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 199
Rs. 139
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Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 550
Rs. 385
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Meditations (Living, Dying And The Good Life)
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 699
Rs. 489
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Meditations : Unabridged Classics
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 195
Rs. 137
30% OFF
Meditations
Marcus Aurelius
Rs. 199
Rs. 139
30% OFF
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